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武汉理工大学傅正义&季伟等：高压促进相变下原位制备高性能双相Si3N4陶瓷

发布时间：2026-03-17 15:49

氮化硅（Si3N4）在致密化前发生的α→β相变是制约兼具高硬度与高韧性双相微结构形成的根本性挑战。虽然高压的引入可降低致密化温度并避免完全相变，但在压力作用下液相会促进颗粒旋转导致晶粒粗化，最终阻碍细晶结构的形成。

近日，武汉理工大学傅正义院士和季伟研究员等在Science China Materials发表研究论文，提出了一种台阶式共格界面迁移机制下的α→β相变过程。

本文要点

1) 在制备热力学不兼容双相Si3N4陶瓷时，既能抑制颗粒旋转的晶粒粗化，又实现了21.3±0.5 GPa的高硬度和6.3±0.2 MPa m1/2的优异韧性。

2) 新的晶粒生长机制表现为α/β-Si3N4共格界面从已成核的β-Si3N4区域向原始的α-Si3N4颗粒迁移。

该发现不仅拓宽了热敏感材料和相结构的性能研究的见解，还深化了对多晶材料中台阶式界面动态过程和微观结构演变机制的理解。

Figure 1.XRD patterns of all sintered silicon nitride samples under various conditions.

Figure 2. SEM micrographs of Si3N4 ceramic surfaces etched by plasma under different conditions. (a) 1500 °C-150 MPa. (b) 1500 °C-200 MPa. (c) 1530 °C-150 MPa. (d) 1530 °C-200 MPa. (e) 1560 °C-150 MPa. (f) 1560 °C-200 MPa.

Figure 3.TEM microscopes of Si3N4 ceramics. (a) 1560 °C-150 MPa. (b) 1560 °C-200 MPa.

Figure 4. TEM images of samples sintered under 1560 °C-200 MPa. (a) Bright field image of grains. (b, c) HRTEM images of the large distorted area marked in (a). (c-1) partial enlarged image of the selected areas marked in (c). (d) grain interface between two phase grains. (e, f) HRTEM images of the selected areas marked in (d). (e-1) IFFT pattern of the selected area in (e).

【作者简介】

Xiaowei Qin(秦笑威) is a PhD candidate at Wuhan University of Technology, affiliated with the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing. Under the supervision of Research Professor Wei Ji, his academic specialization focuses on high-performance structural ceramic materials. His current research primarily investigates the fundamental principles of novel sintering technologies for advanced ceramics, particularly nitrides and oxides.

Zhengyi Fu (傅正义)received his PhD degree in materials science and engineering from the Wuhan University of Technology in 1994. He finished part of his PhD research work at the University of California, Davis, USA, in 1990–1991. He is the director of the State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and a Cheung Kong Scholar of the Ministry of Education of China. He is a fellow of the American Ceramic Society, an academician of the World Academy of Ceramics.

Wei Ji (季伟)received his PhD degree in material processing engineering from Wuhan University of Technology in 2017. He is a full professor of the State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing. He mainly focuses on the fundamental research and technological innovation of high-performance ceramics sintering. He received the Ross Coffin Purdy Award (2019) and the ECD Global Young Investigator Award (2019) from the American Ceramic Society.

文章信息

Xiaowei Qin, Ji Zou, Weimin Wang, Wei Ji, Zhengyi Fu. High-pressure regulated phase transition enables in situ synthesis of high-performance dual-phase Si3N4 ceramics. Sci. China Mater. (2026).

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-025-3494-2

本文转载自中国科学材料。